Influence of a coarse interlayer on seawater intrusion and contaminant migration in coastal aquifers          下载免费PDF全文

Yi Liu  Xiaomin Mao  Jian Chen  D. A. Barry 《水文研究》2014,28(20):5162-5175

Vertical 2D slice laboratory experiments were carried out in homogenous and layered sand tanks to elucidate the effects of a highly permeable (coarse‐grained sand) interlayer on seawater intrusion and transport of contaminants to a coastal sea. Tidal fluctuations produced oscillations in the seawater–freshwater transition zone, fluctuations of the contaminant infiltration rate and a zigzag contaminant plume outline. The seawater wedge became discontinuous at the (vertical) edges of the interlayer because of increased lateral movement of the seawater–freshwater interface within the interlayer. The contaminant plume formed a tail within the interlayer depending on the tidal stage, and similar to the wedge, its movement was accentuated. A simple analytical model that neglected vertical flow reliably predicted steady‐state seawater intrusion into the coastal aquifer. Numerical modeling was used to gain insight into the groundwater hydrodynamics and contaminant migration. The numerical results confirmed the experimental findings, i.e. that a highly permeable interlayer can provide a rapid transit path for contaminants to reach the seaward boundary and that the interlayer amplifies the effects of tidal fluctuations, resulting in wider transition zones for the seawater wedge and contaminant plume. Numerical simulations further showed that, with increasing interlayer hydraulic conductivity, the maximum seawater intrusion distance inside the interlayer increases approximately linearly. For the fixed‐head contaminant injection condition used, the model showed that contaminant infiltration increases approximately logarithmically with increasing interlayer hydraulic conductivity (other factors held fixed). Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

以PAC为原料合成锂吸附剂的工艺研究          下载免费PDF全文

张文丁  邓小川  朱朝梁  樊发英  张毅  樊洁  史一飞  卿彬菊 《盐湖研究》2019,27(3)

研究了聚合氯化铝（PAC）为原料合成锂吸附剂的基本工艺路线，并探究了加料方式、反应物配比、反应温度、反应时间和加料速度等对所合成吸附剂吸附量的影响，研究结果表明配比是影响吸附剂吸附量的最主要因素，得到了最佳合成条件，在此条件下所合成吸附剂对锂离子的吸附容量为6.1mg/g。推断吸附剂的主要成分为晶态或非晶态的LiCl·2Al(OH)3·nH2O，同时含有Al(OH)3、(CaO)3Al2O3·6H2O及 LiCl·H2O等成分。从吸附结果来看，结晶度较差的片状LiCl·2Al(OH)3·nH2O和非晶态的Al(OH)3为主成分的吸附剂吸附性能最好。  相似文献   

潮致泥沙全沙净输运解析模式     

储鏖  徐怡  陈永平  郁夏琰  王彪 《海洋工程》2020,38(4):61-72

泥沙运动作为水流和底床相互作用的纽带,是河流、河口及海岸工程研究的重要内容。在潮波作用明显的河口、海岸地区,周期性的动力作用下的泥沙运动具有往复和可逆的特征,因此研究这类水域的泥沙的净输运更具有实际的意义。基于泥沙输运和流速呈指数关系假设,建立潮流环境下的泥沙全沙净输运的解析解公式,并对该公式的计算结果和数值计算以及数学模型的结果进行了检验和验证,结果表明本研究提出的公式能较好地反应潮流环境下的泥沙净输运。由此,基于本公式采用潮流分潮调和常数可计算得到全沙净输运,并可以分析各分潮流及其相互作用与泥沙净输运的关系。研究结果显示,在受径流影响较大的半日潮河口,S2、MS4、M2三潮相互作用对全沙净输运的贡献显著高于通常的潮流不对称作用,即M2、M4的相互作用。此外,河口区域径流导致的余流对泥沙净输运的贡献不可忽略,特别是在洪季,大径流量条件下往往导致余流较大,其对泥沙净输运的贡献所占比例较大。  相似文献   

北部湾地区海砂填料的动力特性分析     

王家全  陈胜前  唐毅  黄世斌  黄钦政 《海洋工程》2020,38(5):149-155

为研究北部湾地区海砂填料的动力特性，采用高级动态三轴测试系统开展循环荷载下的动三轴试验，研究不同围压及不同动应力幅值对海砂动力特性的影响规律。试验结果表明：轴向累计应变随围压增加而减小，围压150 kPa时振次10 000后应变仅为3%；随着动应力幅值的增大轴向累积应变随之增大，且达到破坏标准的时间越短。动弹性模量随着动应力幅值和围压的增加而增大，不同围压下动弹性模量随动应变的增加出现先骤减再略减后稳定的发展趋势，ε_d>0.3%后开始趋于稳定；不同动应力幅值下动弹性模量出现先增后减直至稳定的趋势，其中动应力幅值对动弹性模量有明显的影响，围压影响相对较小。孔压比随动应力幅值增加而减小，随围压增加而增加。  相似文献   

日照海岸带沙滩侵蚀现状及沉积物粒度特征分析     

种衍飞  郝义 《海洋地质前沿》2020,36(1):19-29

通过对日照市海岸带2个重点沙滩的现场调查和沉积物粒度计算,综合分析了沙滩的侵蚀现状和粒度参数特征。海滨国家森林公园沙滩北部和南部处于侵蚀状态,中部为缓慢淤积状态;万平口海水浴场沙滩北部、中部总体呈侵蚀趋势,南部为淤积状态。海滨国家森林公园沙滩的平均粒径总体要小于万平口海水浴场沙滩,这与两沙滩的坡度不同有关,平均粒径从滩肩到低潮线逐渐变小。海滨国家森林公园沙滩的分选性要好于万平口海水浴场沙滩,分选系数具有由陆向海、由北向南逐渐变小的趋势。沙滩的滩肩和滩面处频率曲线主要为双峰,峰态平坦,物质来源复杂,低潮线处频率曲线主要为单峰,峰态尖锐,物质来源单一。  相似文献   

Tectonostratigraphic framework and depositional history of the deepwater Ulleung Basin,East Sea/Sea of Japan     

Kyoung-Jin Kim  Dong-Geun Yoo  Nyeon-Keon Kang  Bo-Yeon Yi 《Basin Research》2020,32(4):613-635

The Ulleung Basin, East Sea/Japan Sea, is a Neogene back-arc basin and occupies a tectonically crucial zone under the influence of relative motions between Eurasian, Pacific and Philippine Sea plates. However, the link between tectonics and sedimentation remains poorly understood in the back-arc Ulleung Basin, as it does in many other back-arc basins as well, because of a paucity of seismic data and controversy over the tectonic history of the basin. This paper presents an integrated tectonostratigraphic and sedimentary evolution in the deepwater Ulleung Basin using 2D multichannel seismic reflection data. The sedimentary succession within the deepwater Ulleung Basin is divided into four second-order seismic megasequences (MS1 to MS4). Detailed seismic stratigraphy interpretation of the four megasequences suggests the depositional history of the deepwater Ulleung Basin occurred in four stages, controlled by tectonic movement, volcanism, and sea-level fluctuations. In Stage 1 (late Oligocene through early Miocene), syn-rift sediment supplied to the basin was restricted to the southern base-of-slope, whereas the northern distal part of the basin was dominated by volcanic sills and lava flows derived from initial rifting-related volcanism. In Stage 2 (late early Miocene through middle Miocene), volcanic extrusion occurred through post-rift, chain volcanism in the earliest time, followed by hemipelagic and turbidite sedimentation in a quiescent open marine setting. In Stage 3 (late middle Miocene through late Miocene), compressional activity was predominant throughout the Ulleung Basin, resulting in regional uplift and sub-aerial erosion/denudation of the southern shelf of the basin, which provided enormous volumes of sediment into the basin through mass transport processes. In Stage 4 (early Pliocene through present), although the degree of tectonic stress decreased significantly, mass movement was still generated by sea-level fluctuations as well as compressional tectonic movement, resulting in stacked mass transport deposits along the southern basin margin. We propose a new depositional history model for the deepwater Ulleung Basin and provide a window into understanding how tectonic, volcanic and eustatic interactions control sedimentation in back-arc basins.  相似文献   

多源高分辨率DOM批量快速制作方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张亚亚  马小计  周亦 《测绘通报》2019,(7):96-99,146

随着遥感数据在自然资源调查中的广泛应用，对多源高分辨率遥感影像“一张图”批量快速制作有了更高的需求。本文以广西壮族自治区北海市银海区作为试验区，利用Pixel Engine软件的“RS+GIS+Photoshop”算法，首先，针对多源高分辨率遥感卫星数据特点，制定相应的数据处理流程，自动化制作单景DOM；然后，以县级辖区为单位，批量快速制作县级辖区DOM；最后，从制作精度和速度两个方面，将该方法制作得到的DOM成果与人工处理成果进行对比，分析该方法的可行性，提出了一种快速、有效的多源高分辨率DOM制作方法。  相似文献   

"资源一号"02C卫星影像土地利用变化检测能力分析     

周亦  吕从  王慧敏 《测绘通报》2019,(1):97-100

“资源一号”02C卫星自成功发射以来，被广泛应用于土地资源、矿产资源、地质环境调查，以及国土资源、地质灾害应急监测等应用领域。“资源一号”02C卫星是一颗填补我国高分辨率遥感数据空白的卫星，是根据国土资源主体业务需求定制的第一颗国产高分辨率业务卫星。本文以吉林省和浙江省某试验区“资源一号”02C卫星数据为例，对“资源一号”02C卫星数据融合影像进行了土地利用遥感监测变化信息检测能力的方法试验。根据试验区数据变化信息提取试验结果，对“资源一号”02C卫星影像在土地利用动态遥感监测中的变化检测能力和适用性开展了试验、分析和评价工作。  相似文献   

无人海洋测绘技术体系构建   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

周立  张阳  张一  付丹丹  陈晨  魏征  冯俊俊  刘泽峰 《测绘通报》2019,(4):130-133

随着无人技术的快速发展，无人测绘的时代即将到来。本文分析了无人时代技术特征与海洋测绘发展机遇；讨论了无人海洋测绘新理念，构建了无人海洋测绘技术体系，论述了无人海洋测绘技术关键技术；展望了无人海洋测绘技术发展趋势，及其在海洋经济、海洋可持续发展中的应用前景。  相似文献   

Developing a comprehensive evaluation method for Interconnected River System Network assessment: A case study in Tangxun Lake group     

Yang  Wei  Zhang  Liping  Zhang  Yanjun  Li  Zongli  Xiao  Yi  Xia  Jun 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,29(3):389-405

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The Interconnected River System Network (IRSN) plays a crucial role in water resource allocation, water ecological restoration and water quality improvement. It...  相似文献